Variable

Pre-Program; mean (SD)

Post-Program; mean (SD)

Within group change;

mean difference (95% CI)

Between group change; mean difference (95% CI)

Knowledge¹

Elements of Good leadership

Control

7.3 (1.0)

7.4 (0.8)

0.06 (−0.47 to 0.58); P = 0.828

Intervention

7.5 (0.9)

7.7 (0.7)

0.17 (−0.07 to 0.41); P = 0.174

0.35 (−0.13 to 0.83); P = 0.153

Types of Chronic Diseases

Control

8.1 (2.5)

9.5 (2.3)

1.37 (0.18 to 2.56); P = 0.024^*

Intervention

9.0 (2.1)

12.1 (2.2)

2.88 (2.30 to 3.47); P ≤ 0.001^**

2.56 (1.31 to 3.82); P = < 0.001^**

Chronic Disease Risk Factors

Control

8.1 (1.8)

7.9 (2.0)

−0.13 (−1.45 to 1.19); P = 0.848

Intervention

8.3 (2.0)

9.1 (1.8)

0.65 (0.03 to 1.28); P = 0.040^*

1.13 (0.23 to 2.23); P = 0.045^*

Health Conditions caused by smoking

Control

7.1 (1.0)

7.2 (1.3)

0.16 (-0.59 to 0.91); P = 0.671

Intervention

7.2 (1.5)

8.4 (1.2)

0.96 (0.57 to 1.35); P ≤ 0.001^**

1.10 (0.32 to 1.87); P = 0.006^**

Types of Physical Activities

Control

8.1 (1.6)

12.2 (1.8)

4.17 (3.02 to 5.31); P ≤ 0.001^**

Intervention

7.4 (2.5)

12.5 (2.1)

3.95 (3.15 to 4.75); P ≤ 0.001^**

0.20 (−1.10 to 1.50); P = 0.765

Components of a health check

Control

6.3 (1.1)

6.3 (1.05)

0.04 (−0.65 to 0.74); P = 0.906

Intervention

6.1 (1.1)

6.9 (1.0)

0.54 (0.18 to 0.89); P = 0.003^**

0.58 (−0.03 to 1.19); P = 0.061

Sugar in Soft-drink

Control (%)

33.3

46.7

OR = 1.75 (0.40 to 7.66); P = 0.46

Intervention (%)

38.5

81.8

OR = 8.11 (2.95 to 22.30); P ≤ 0.001^**

OR = 5.14 (1.51 to 17.49); P = 0.009^**

Attitudes and Self-efficacy²

Leadership confidence

Control

3.3 (0.8)

3.3 (1.0)

0.067 (−0.44 to 0.58); P = 0.797

Intervention

3.3 (1.0)

3.9 (0.7)

0.48 (0.25 to 0.72); P ≤ 0.001^**

0.42 (−0.07 to 0.93); P = 0.093

Confidence in preventing Chronic Disease

Control

3.5 (0.9)

3.5 (1.2)

−0.07 (−0.69 to 0.56); P = 831

Intervention

3.3 (1.1)

4.3 (0.8)

0.96 (0.65 to 1.27); P ≤ 0.001^**

0.81 (0.24 to 1.37); P = 0.005^**

Comfortable having a health check

Control

2.9 (0.96)

3.4 (1.0)

0.46 (−0.09 to 1.01); P = 0.100

Intervention

3.9 (1.1)

4.4 (0.7)

0.50 (0.23 to 0.76); P ≤ 0.001^**

0.99 (0.46 to 1.52); P ≤ 0.001^**

Importance of healthy eating

Control

9.0 (1.5)

8.5 (1.6)

−0.50 (−1.40 to −0.41); P = 0.280